About Thyroid Surgery & FAQ
Thyroid surgery is a procedure used to treat various thyroid conditions, including thyroid cancer, benign thyroid nodules, hyperthyroidism, and goiters. The surgery involves the removal of part or all of the thyroid gland.
Thyroid Surgery FAQ
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There are several reasons why someone might need thyroid surgery, including: • Thyroid Cancer: If cancer is present or suspected. • Benign Thyroid Nodules: Large nodules that cause symptoms or concern. • Hyperthyroidism: Overactive thyroid that can’t be controlled with medication. • Goiter: An enlarged thyroid that affects swallowing or breathing.
Thyroid surgery is typically performed under general anesthesia. The surgeon makes an incision in the neck and removes either part of the thyroid (partial thyroidectomy) or the entire thyroid (total thyroidectomy), depending on the reason for the surgery. The procedure generally lasts 1-2 hours.
While thyroid surgery is generally safe, it carries some risks, including: • Bleeding or infection • Damage to the vocal cords, which can affect your voice • Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) if the entire thyroid is removed • Calcium imbalances if the parathyroid glands are affected
Most patients stay in the hospital for 1-2 days after thyroid surgery. However, if complications arise or if the surgery was more extensive, you may need a longer stay.
• Immediately after surgery: You’ll be monitored for a few hours, and you may experience some swelling and discomfort around the incision area. • First few days: Rest and follow your doctor’s instructions regarding pain management and wound care. • Post-operative follow-up: You will likely need a follow-up appointment within 1-2 weeks to monitor your recovery and thyroid function
If you have a total thyroidectomy (complete removal), you will need to take thyroid hormone replacement for the rest of your life. This helps replace the hormones your thyroid would normally produce. If only part of the thyroid is removed, your doctor will monitor your thyroid function and may or may not prescribe hormone replacement.
Preparation may include: • Preoperative tests: Blood tests, imaging, or a biopsy may be needed. • Medications: Follow your doctor’s instructions on which medications to stop or continue taking before surgery. • Arranging for help: You may need assistance at home during your recovery.
The incision for thyroid surgery is typically made across the lower part of the neck. The scar usually heals well and is often discreet, but it can be noticeable at first. Your surgeon will provide guidance on minimizing scar visibility during recovery.
Most people can return to light activities within 1-2 weeks, but it’s best to avoid strenuous activities (lifting, exercise) for about 4-6 weeks. Your surgeon will give you specific guidelines based on your recovery.
Initially, you may have difficulty swallowing or experience a sore throat, but most people are able to return to their normal diet within a few days. If you have any swallowing difficulties or concerns, speak with your healthcare provider.
Signs to watch for that may require medical attention include: • Severe pain or swelling • Fever or signs of infection (redness, drainage) • Difficulty breathing or swallowing • Numbness or tingling around the mouth, fingers, or toes (which can indicate low calcium levels)
No, People lead a normal life after thyroid surgery, though some adjustments may be necessary if you need thyroid hormone replacement. Your doctor will guide you on how to maintain healthy hormone levels and lifestyle habits.